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Employment tribunals

Employment rights are enforced in the employment tribunal. For example, employment tribunals consider complaints of unfair dismissal and discrimination. Employment tribunals can also consider breach of contract claims if the value of the claim does not exceed £25,000.

Employment tribunal proceedings are started by the claimant completing and submitting an ET1 claim form within the required time limit. The ET3 response form is the employer’s response to the claim form.

Fees are payable and an early conciliation process must be followed before an employment tribunal claim can proceed.


    • Benefits
    • Fit for Work
    • Latest News

    Are employers ready to recruit more people with ADHD?

    by Adam McCulloch 11 Apr 2025
    by Adam McCulloch 11 Apr 2025

    A recent tribunal hearing has cast light on the experiences of people with ADHD.

    • Disability discrimination
    • Latest News
    • Discipline and grievances

    Apprentice with ADHD was fairly dismissed after lunch incident

    by Adam McCulloch 10 Apr 2025
    by Adam McCulloch 10 Apr 2025

    An employment tribunal has ruled against a garage apprentice who said his ADHD caused him to be unfairly dismissed from...

    • Bribery
    • Corporate governance
    • Ethics

    Hinkley Point manager accepted bribes, tribunal reveals

    by Jo Faragher 9 Apr 2025
    by Jo Faragher 9 Apr 2025

    A senior manager at Hinkley Point C nuclear power plant accepted bribes including an £11,000 quad bike, a tribunal hearing has revealed.

    • Latest News
    • Education
    • Employment tribunals

    Part-time lecturer treated less favourably

    by Zoe Wickens 7 Apr 2025
    by Zoe Wickens 7 Apr 2025

    Employment tribunal finds part-time lecturer at London-based Capital City College (CCC) faced less favourable treatment.

    • Sexual harassment
    • NHS
    • Belief discrimination

    Darlington nurses’ changing room case delayed to October

    by Rob Moss 3 Apr 2025
    by Rob Moss 3 Apr 2025

    Judge told NHS Trust facing claim over trans access to nurses changing rooms that it must now comply with proceedings.

    • Sexual harassment
    • Bullying and harassment
    • Discrimination

    Woman asked ‘why do you want to work’ wins sex harassment tribunal case

    by Adam McCulloch 3 Apr 2025
    by Adam McCulloch 3 Apr 2025

    A woman who was asked why she wanted to work has partially won her employment tribunal case after a judge...

    • Case law
    • Blacklisting
    • Agency workers

    Court of Appeal hears Ryanair pilot’s worker status case

    by Rob Moss 1 Apr 2025
    by Rob Moss 1 Apr 2025

    Court of Appeal hears test case on the employment status of a Ryanair pilot that could have major implications for aviation and other sectors.

    • Equality, diversity and inclusion
    • Latest News
    • Employment tribunals

    NHS trust took ‘reasonable steps’ to stop racial abuse, says EAT

    by Jo Faragher 31 Mar 2025
    by Jo Faragher 31 Mar 2025

    An NHS Trust embroiled in a claim of racial harassment took ‘all reasonable steps’ to prevent a black employee from being racially abused.

    • Latest News
    • Employment tribunals
    • Sickness absence

    Postman working second job while sick was unfairly dismissed

    by Rob Moss 25 Mar 2025
    by Rob Moss 25 Mar 2025

    Postman awarded £3,000 after tribunal finds he was unfairly dismissed for working as taxi driver while on sick leave from Royal Mail.

    • Civil Service
    • Constructive dismissal
    • Bullying and harassment

    DSTL scientist constructively dismissed for gender-critical views

    by Rob Moss 24 Mar 2025
    by Rob Moss 24 Mar 2025

    Former government scientist wins tribunal claim for constructive dismissal after facing ‘clear hostile animus’ for gender-critical views.

    • Employment law
    • Latest News
    • Economics, government & business

    New rates for employment tribunal awards from April

    by Adam McCulloch 21 Mar 2025
    by Adam McCulloch 21 Mar 2025

    The draft Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order 2025, which applies to England, Wales and Scotland, is now before parliament.

    • Case law
    • Latest News
    • Education

    Court of Appeal finds Ofsted inspector was unfairly dismissed

    by Jo Faragher 19 Mar 2025
    by Jo Faragher 19 Mar 2025

    An Ofsted inspector who was sacked after brushing water off a child’s head was unfairly dismissed, according to the Court of Appeal.

    • Disability discrimination
    • Latest News
    • Discrimination

    Police sergeant’s ‘scattergun’ allegations dismissed by tribunal

    by Jo Faragher 17 Mar 2025
    by Jo Faragher 17 Mar 2025

    A Met Police sergeant who brought 271 individual allegations to an employment tribunal has had all claims dismissed.

    • Employment law
    • Latest News
    • Economics, government & business

    Employment lawyers call for cash boost to tribunal system

    by Jo Faragher 14 Mar 2025
    by Jo Faragher 14 Mar 2025

    The Employment Lawyers’ Association wants the government to stop treating employment tribunals as a ‘poor relation’ to other court cases.

    • Age discrimination
    • Latest News
    • Manufacturing

    Engineer awarded £25k after employer ‘trespassed’ his home

    by Rob Moss 14 Mar 2025
    by Rob Moss 14 Mar 2025

    Engineer wins unfair dismissal and age discrimination claim in a case where employment tribunal found colleagues had trespassed his home.

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